ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Sarcopenia is defined as a slow, progressive, and apparently inevitable process of involuntary loss of muscle mass, strength, and quality, which occurs with advancing age. It is widely accepted that sarcopenia can directly affect quality of life. OBJECTIVE: Translate, adapt and validate the “Sarcopenia and Quality of Life” instrument (SarQoL) to the Brazilian context. DESIGN AND SETTINGS: Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and validation study carried out at the Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: The population consisted of 221 older adult participants. The steps recommended by the guidelines from the authors of the original instrument were followed sequentially: initial translation, synthesis of translations, backward translation, evaluation by a panel of judges, pre-test, and analysis of psychometric properties. The translation and adaptation process was conducted as recommended. RESULTS: Two hundred and twenty-one participants took part in the step analysis of the psychometric properties of SarQoL, in which 55 presented sarcopenia. Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the total SarQoL questionnaire was 0.976, indicating excellent internal consistency. Excellent agreements between the test and retest with an Interclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) of 0.983 (95% confidence interval: 0.901–0.996) were observed in the SarQoL domains. The domains of Short-Form 36 and EuroQoL 5-dimension showed significant correlation, from moderate to strong magnitude, with SarQoL total score, indicating convergent validity. CONCLUSION: The Brazilian version of SarQoL presented evidence of reliability and validity.

Abstract Objective This study aimed to translate and culturally adapt the COVID-19 Anxiety Scale for the Brazilian context. Method Cross-sectional and methodological study that encompassed the following stages: initial translation, synthesis of translations, back-translation, expert committee review, and pre-testing. Results The COVID-19 Anxiety Scale was initially translated into Portuguese by two translators. A consensus version was established and then back-translated into English by a different translator. Eight experts reviewed these versions, resulting in modifications to two of the seven scale items. This led to the creation of the pre-final version of the COVID-19 Anxiety Scale. Finally, the pre-testing of this version was conducted with 47 individuals, who found the scale to be clear and understandable. Conclusion In conclusion, the COVID-19 Anxiety Scale was adequately translated and culturally adapted for the Brazilian context, and further research is intended to verify evidence of the scale’s validity.

Resumo Objetivo Este estudo objetivou traduzir e adaptar culturalmente a COVID-19 Anxiety Scale para o contexto brasileiro. Método Trata-se de um estudo transversal e metodológico, que seguiu as seguintes etapas: tradução inicial, síntese das traduções, retrotradução, revisão por um comitê de especialistas e pré-teste. Resultados Inicialmente dois tradutores fizeram uma primeira tradução da COVID-19 Anxiety Scale para o português. Depois, estabeleceu-se a versão consensual, que foi retrotraduzida para o idioma inglês por outro tradutor. Posteriormente, as versões da COVID-19 Anxiety Scale foram revistas por oito especialistas. Após a análise, dois dos sete itens da escala foram modificados, obtendo--se a versão pré-final da COVID-19 Anxiety Scale. Por fim, essa última versão do instrumento foi pré-testada com 47 pessoas, que consideraram a escala clara e compreensível. Conclusão Conclui-se, portanto, que a COVID-19 Anxiety Scale foi adequadamente traduzida e adaptada para o contexto brasileiro e almeja-se dar seguimento à pesquisa para verificar evidências de validade da escala.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Frailty is consensually understood to be a clinical syndrome in which minimal stressors can lead to negative outcomes such as hospitalization, early institutionalization, falls, functional loss and death. Frailty is more prevalent among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and those on dialysis are the frailest. Depression contributes towards putting patients with CKD into the frailty cycle. OBJECTIVE: To assess frailty and its relationship with depression among patients with CKD undergoing hemodialysis. DESIGN AND SETTING: Observational and quantitative cross-sectional study conducted in a renal therapy unit, located in the interior of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: This investigation took place in 2019, among 80 patients. The following instruments were applied: a sociodemographic, economic and health condition characterization and the Subjective Frailty Assessment (SFA) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). RESULTS: Among the patients, there was higher prevalence of females, individuals with a steady partner and retirees, and their mean age was 59.63 (± 15.14) years. There was high prevalence of physical frailty (73.8%) and depression (93.7%). Depression was associated with frailty, such that patients with depression were 9.8 times more likely to be frail than were patients without depression (odds ratio, OR = 9.80; 95% confidence interval, CI, 1.93-49.79). CONCLUSION: Based on the proposed objective and the results achieved, it can be concluded that depression was associated with the presence of frailty among patients with CKD on hemodialysis.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The population with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is more predisposed to early development of frailty. Although the concept of frailty is well established from a physical point of view, it is not an exclusively physical syndrome. It can be characterized as an interaction of physical, psychological and social factors. OBJECTIVE: To ascertain the relationship between frailty, social support and family functionality among CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis. DESIGN AND SETTING: Correlational, cross-sectional and quantitative study conducted at a service in the interior of the state of São Paulo. METHODS: This study included 80 patients with CKD who were on hemodialysis. The participants were interviewed individually, with application of the following instruments: sociodemographic and economic characterization, Tilburg Frailty Indicator, Medical Outcomes Study and Family APGAR. Females and white ethnicity predominated among the participants, and their mean age was 59.63 ± 15.14 years. RESULTS: There was high prevalence of frailty (93.8%). Although there was a difference in scores for the dimensions of social support between the frail group and the non-frail group, only family functionality reached a statistically relevant difference. There was a significant correlation between physical frailty, social support and family functionality. CONCLUSIONS: Presence of frailty is related to the social support and family functionality of patients with CKD undergoing hemodialysis.

RESUMO Objetivos avaliar a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde e a resiliência de pacientes hemodialisados na cidade do Porto, Portugal, antes e após a intervenção psicoterapêutica Relaxamento, Imagens Mentais e Espiritualidade. Identificar os fatores que interferem nos níveis de resiliência destes pacientes. Método estudo quase-experimental, realizado com 17 participantes de duas unidades de diálise da cidade do Porto, Portugal, de novembro de 2018 a abril de 2019. Foram utilizados questionário de caracterização sociodemográfica e clínica, escala de qualidade de vida (Kidney Disease Quality of Life-Short Form), escala de resiliência, e intervenção psicoterapêutica breve. Cada paciente recebeu três sessões da intervenção, sendo avaliados pelos instrumentos listados antes e depois. Foram utilizados testes de Shapiro Wilks para verificar normalidade dos dados, testes t de Student e de Wilcoxon para comparação das médias e regressão linear na identificação dos fatores associados à resiliência. Resultados a percepção da qualidade de vida foi melhor em quase todos os domínios da escala pós-intervenção, com diferença estatisticamente significativa nas dimensões: função física (p=0,006) e função emocional (p=0,021). Na avaliação da resiliência, verificou-se aumento com significância estatística no período pós-intervenção (p=0,002); análises de regressão linear revelaram que religião, outras patologias e histórico de transplante são fatores relacionados ao aumento dos níveis de resiliência; e uso de medicamentos antidepressivos e anti-hipertensivos são fatores que podem interferir na diminuição da resiliência. Conclusão a intervenção contribuiu para melhora na resiliência e de alguns domínios da qualidade de vida dos pacientes, podendo ser estimulada sua aplicabilidade no contexto dos pacientes em hemodiálise.

ABSTRACT Objectives to assess health-related quality of life and resilience among hemodialyzed patients in the city of Porto, Portugal, before and after the Relaxation, Mental Images and Spirituality psychotherapeutic intervention, and identify factors interfering in these patients’ levels of resilience. Method a quasi-experimental study was conducted from November 2018 to April 2019 among 17 patients attending two dialysis centers located in Porto, Portugal. A questionnaire addressing sociodemographic and clinical information was applied together with the Kidney Disease Quality of Life-Short Form, a resilience scale, and a brief psychotherapeutic intervention. Each patient attended three intervention sessions, and the instruments were applied before and after the intervention. The Shapiro-Wilk test was performed to verify the normality of data, while the Student’s t-test and Wilcoxon test were performed to compare the means, and linear regression was used to identify resilience-associated factors. Results after the intervention, quality of life perception improved in virtually all the scale’s domains, with statistically significant differences in the physical function (p=0.006) and emotional function (p=0.021). The resilience assessment revealed a statistically significant improvement in the post-intervention (p=0.002); linear regression analyses showed that having a religion, other pathologies, or a history of transplant is related to increased resilience levels while taking antidepressants or anti-hypertensive medications negatively affect it. Conclusion the intervention contributed to improving resilience and some domains concerning the patients’ quality of life. Thus, it can be implemented among patients undergoing hemodialysis.

RESUMEN Objetivos evaluar la calidad de vida relacionada a la salud y resiliencia de pacientes en hemodiálisis, en la ciudad do Porto, en Portugal, antes y después de la intervención psicoterapéutica: Relajamiento, Imágenes Mentales y Espiritualidad. También, identificar los factores que interfieren en los niveles de resiliencia de estos pacientes. Método estudio casi experimental, realizado en 17 participantes de dos unidades de diálisis de la ciudad de Porto, en Portugal, de noviembre de 2018 a abril de 2019. Fueron utilizados: el cuestionario de caracterización sociodemográfica y clínica, la escala de calidad de vida (Kidney Disease Quality of Life-Short Form), la escala de resiliencia y la intervención psicoterapéutica breve. Cada paciente recibió tres sesiones de intervención, siendo evaluados por los instrumentos arriba listados, antes y después. Fueron utilizadas las pruebas: Shapiro Wilks para verificar la normalidad de los datos, t de Student y de Wilcoxon para comparación de las medias; y, la regresión linear para la identificación de los factores asociados a la resiliencia. Resultados la percepción de la calidad de vida fue mejor en casi todos los dominios de la escala, después de la intervención, con una diferencia estadísticamente significativa en las dimensiones: función física (p=0,006) y función emocional (p=0,021). En la evaluación de la resiliencia, se verificó aumento con significación estadística, en el período después de la intervención (p=0,002). Los análisis de regresión linear revelaron que la religión, otras patologías y el histórico de trasplante, son factores relacionados con el aumento de los niveles de resiliencia; y, el uso de medicamentos antidepresivos y antihipertensivos son factores que pueden interferir en la disminución de la resiliencia. Conclusión la intervención contribuyó para la mejora de la resiliencia y de algunos dominios de la calidad de vida de los pacientes, pudiendo ser estimulada su aplicabilidad en el contexto de los pacientes en hemodiálisis.