ABSTRACT The issue of trust development among members of virtual teams is gaining increasing attention from Information Systems (IS) scholars due to the advancement of virtual collaboration in organizations. The objective of this study is to evaluate the issue of trust development in virtual team research from the perspective of main IS journals, and to consolidate the contributions made by IS researchers. To this aim, a systematic review of the literature has been conducted, supported by bibliometric and Social Network Analysis (SNA). An IS-centric review of trust concepts and research paradigms has been presented along with opportunities for future research.

Abstract Anthony Kenny criticized the Five Ways, by Thomas Aquinas, in a widespread and influential book. About the First Way, among other critiques, Kenny considers that Thomas Aquinas failed to prove that “whatever is in motion is put in motion by another”. As this principle is central for the argument developed by Aquinas on the “first mover, put in movement by no other”, the First Way is insufficient and grounded on a mistake. In this article, Aristotle’s and Aquinas’s works are analysed to expose that their arguments about movement are sound and persuasive. On the contrary, Kenny’s criticism is not consistent and is misled by bad interpretation of texts and concepts. Oderberg and Weisheipl agree with Aquinas and Aristotle, and their papers reinforce the conclusions of this article, favourable to the Medieval philosopher and against Kenny.

Resumo: Os estudos sobre tecnologia da informação e agilidade organizacional têm apresentado crescimento significativo desde o início de 2014, o que pode ser um indicador de que esse tema está começando a amadurecer na literatura pertinente e, cada vez mais, tem se tornando objeto de pesquisadores. Diante do cenário apresentado, o objetivo deste estudo é apresentar uma síntese do panorama da literatura sobre a relação dos dois construtos nos últimos anos. Os autores optaram por utilizar uma análise bibliométrica para compreender a evolução dos estudos sobre essa relação. Concluímos que nos Estados Unidos existe uma grande concentração de pesquisas sobre o assunto, e as publicações mais recentes ocorreram em periódicos relevantes de gestão e sistemas de gestão da informação. Os estudos identificados concentram-se principalmente na relação causal entre tecnologia da informação (TI) e agilidade organizacional a partir de três perspectivas: (1) o efeito direto das capacidades de TI na agilidade, (2) o efeito moderador das capacidades de TI na relação entre outras capacidades organizacionais e agilidade organizacional e (3) o efeito indireto da TI na agilidade organizacional mediado por outras capacidades organizacionais. Além disso, foi possível identificar a agilidade organizacional ligada a três aspectos: sensibilidade, decisão e capacidade de resposta. Outra contribuição do estudo é a construção de um quadro baseado nas principais amostras do estudo e nas palavras-chave mais recorrentes. É possível detectar os três níveis de análise na relação entre os dois construtos citados anteriormente, além de evidenciar as definições utilizadas para cada construto. Uma oportunidade para estudos futuros é avaliar a taxonomia identificada para agilidade organizacional.

Abstract: Studies on information technology and organizational agility has shown significant growth since the beginning of 2014, which may be an indicator that this theme is beginning to mature in the concerned literature, and increasingly has become the subject of researchers. In view of the presented scenario, the objective of this study is to introduce a synthesis of the literature panorama of the relation between the focused two constructs in the last years. The author (s) chose to employ a bibliometric analysis to understand the evolution of studies on that relation. We concluded that in the United States there is a great concentration of research on this subject, and the most recent publications, in general, occurred in relevant management and information management system journals. The identified studies mainly concentrate on the causal relationship between information technology (IT) and organizational agility from three perspectives: (1) the direct effect of IT capabilities on agility, (2) the moderating effect of IT capabilities on the relationship between other organizational capabilities and organizational agility, and (3) the indirect effect of IT on organizational agility mediated by other organizational capabilities. In addition, it was possible to identify organizational agility connected with three aspects: sensitivity, decision and responsiveness. Another contribution of the study is the construction of a framework based on the main study samples and the most recurrent keywords. It is possible to detect the three levels of analysis in the relation between the two previously mentioned constructs, besides bringing out the definitions used for each construct. An opportunity for future studies is to evaluate the taxonomy identified for organizational agility.

Abstract Introduction Peripheral vestibular disorders can lead to cognitive deficits and are more common in elderly patients. Objective To evaluate and correlate cognitive, balance and gait aspects in elderly women with chronic peripheral vestibular dizziness, and to compare them with elderly women without vestibular disorders. Methods Twenty-two women presenting peripheral vestibular dizziness episodes for at least six months participated in the study. The individuals were categorized by dizziness severity level: moderate (n = 11) or severe (n = 11). The control group (n = 11) included women showing no vestibulopathy, light-headedness or dizziness. Cognitive assessments and semi-static and dynamic balance assessments were performed with the Balance Master (Neurocom International, Inc., Clackamas, OR), while the Dizziness Handicap Inventory provided a score for the severity of the symptoms. The groups were submitted to statistics of inference and correlation between cognitive, balance and stability variables. Results The group with severe dizziness showed higher sway speed of the center of pressure in the anteroposterior direction, smaller step length, and slower gait than the control group. Regarding the cognitive variables, the group with severe dizziness symptoms presented significant correlations with stability and gait variables. Conclusion The relationship between cognitive aspects, balance and gait was stronger in women with severe dizziness than in those with no vestibulopathy.

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o comportamento de oviposição de Helicoverpa armigera confinadas em diferentes densidades de casais e estádios fenológicos de plantas de soja, e a resistência de genótipos de soja na categoria não preferência para oviposição para H. armigera. Para o comportamento de oviposição de H. armigera, foram avaliadas as densidades de um, dois e quatro casais por planta, e os estádios fenológicos vegetativo, de florescimento e reprodutivo de plantas de soja do cultivar BR 16. Para o teste de não preferência para oviposição, oito genótipos de soja foram utilizados e um índice de preferência para oviposição foi calculado. A densidade de tricomas nos folíolos foi quantificada para ser correlacionada com a oviposição de H. armigera. A densidade de um casal e plantas de soja em estádio reprodutivo proporcionaram os melhores resultados quanto à preferência para oviposição de H. armigera em soja. Os genótipos M8230 RR e W711 RR apresentaram características de resistência, enquanto o PI 227687 foi o mais preferido para oviposição. A quantidade de tricomas influenciou positivamente no comportamento de oviposição das fêmeas.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the oviposition behavior of Helicoverpa armigera confined in different adult pair density and growth stages of soybean plants, and the resistance of soybean genotypes to H. armigera in the category nonpreference for oviposition. The oviposition behavior of H. armigera was assessed using one, two, and four adult pairs per soybean plant of the cultivar BR-16 at the growth stages: vegetative V8 (eighth unrolled trifoliate leaf), reproductive R2 (full bloom) and reproductive R5.2 (beginning seed). The nonpreference for oviposition was evaluated using eight soybean genotypes and an oviposition preference index was calculated. The number of trichomes in leaflets was quantified for being correlated to H. armigera oviposition. One adult pair and soybean plants stage at pod-set affected and showed the best results oviposition preference on soybean plants. The genotypes M8230-RR and W711-RR presented resistance characteristics, and PI-227687 was preferred for oviposition. The trichome density positively affects the female oviposition behavior.

ABSTRACT In the Southeastern Quadrilátero Ferrífero, a package of metapelitic rocks previously attributed to the Archean Rio das Velhas Supergroup crops out in Piranga locality. This study presents the mineral chemistry and U-Pb-Hf zircon geochronology on foliated staurolite-garnet mica schists. Garnet and staurolite index minerals are syn- to post-kinematic towards the main schistosity. Garnet porphyroblasts display well-developed compositional zoning of Mg-Fe-Mn-Ca, with increase of almandine and pyrope and decrease of spessartine towards the rim, implying in prograde metamorphic pattern. Estimates of P-T values for the metamorphic peak resulted in temperatures between 630 to 650ºC and pressure around 7 kbar. Pseudosections show well-defined stability fields in amphibolite facies, with a metamorphic path displaying progressive increase in P-T conditions. Maximum depositional age of 1,875 ± 51 Ma is established for the Piranga mica schists pointing to a depositional history that is younger than those previously described. Metamorphic Cambrian ages characterize the strong influence of deformational processes related to the final stages of Brasiliano Orogeny in the Southeastern Quadrilátero Ferrífero.

Abstract The Luminárias Nappe was formed in the agglutination of West Gondwana. A high-pressure metamorphic gradient oblique to the geological contacts is recorded in metapelitic rocks from this Nappe. In the northern portion, the metamorphic peak conditions are at high-pressure lower-amphibolite facies at 580 ± 4°C and ca. 0.9 GPa (Chl + Ky + St + Ms + Qtz + Rt); in the central portion, they are at high-pressure amphibolite facies at 600 ± 15°C and 1.1 ± 0.3 GPa (St + Bt + Grt + Ms + Qtz + Rt); and in the southern portion, they reach the eclogite facies at 630 ± 13°C and 1.4 ± 0.6 GPa (St + Ky + Grt + Ms + Qtz + Rt). Clockwise metamorphic P-T-t paths are registered in the studied rocks, with temperature and pressure increase followed by a strong decompression with retrograde phases as chloritoid (northern portion), chlorite and ilmenite (central portion) and biotite, chlorite and ilmenite (southern portion). U-Th-PbT monazite ages range from 632 ± 4 Ma (southern portion) to 600 ± 8 Ma (northern portion included crystals in garnet and staurolite). The metamorphic age, the high-pressure conditions calculated in this paper and the clockwise metamorphic path indicate that the tectonic evolution of the Luminárias Nappe rocks is tightly associated with the subduction and collision processes of the southern Brasília belt. The overprint of the younger Ribeira belt is interpreted to be responsible for rock pile tilting, thus producing the oblique metamorphic gradient.

Abstract The Socorro-Guaxupé Nappe crops out in southern Minas Gerais and it has an intermediate unit called Metaxite Unit, dominated by diatexites at its base, with large volumes of leucosome and schollen of stromatic garnet-biotite metatexite. Leucosome within the schollen crystallized via fractional crystallization and is dominated by plagioclase and quartz, although K-feldspar might be present. However, the larger volume of the coarse-grained leucosome, that dominates the unit, has granite, sometimes close to minimum granite composition. So, its formation, after partial melting, involved, segregation, fractional crystallization and accumulation. Proportions of leucosome / residue and leucosome / residue / peritectic phases indicate that the leucosome crystallized from more melt than a pelite source could produce, and probably diatexite worked as a pre-magmatic chamber and stocked melt produced from the granulites sitting at its bottom. Large proportion of biotite crystallized in the residue was formed due to equalization of water chemical potential between residue and leucosome.

Resumo O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar a relação entre gestão de projetos e gestão do conhecimento. Para compreender a intersecção entre esses dois campos de pesquisa, a abordagem metodológica selecionada foi a de revisão sistemática da literatura. A abordagem multiestágios foi adotada, iniciando-se por análises bibliométricas, com análise estatística descritiva da população de artigos estudados, seguida de uma análise de cocitação e, por fim, por uma análise de conteúdo, buscando-se identificar tendências e lacunas de pesquisa. Os resultados apontam que a gestão de projetos e a gestão do conhecimento estão relacionadas com questões que envolvem as competências de gestores de projetos e da organização, a governança do conhecimento entre projetos por meio da área de Project Management Office, e com aspectos relacionados a fatores críticos de sucesso e sucesso de um projeto. Como tendência, destacam-se estudos voltados para a formação de times virtuais em ambientes formados por organizações distribuídas e, como um gap, a importância do conhecimento para projetos que envolvem questões de sustentabilidade, visto que foram identificados poucos estudos sobre esse assunto. Foi possível notar que esses construtos são essenciais para o desempenho organizacional e que, juntos, possuem uma sinergia que pode contribuir para que as empresas possam se diferenciar de seus concorrentes e alcançar vantagem competitiva.

Abstract The objective of this work is to investigate the relationship between project management and knowledge management. To understand the intersection between these two fields of research, the methodological approach selected was a systematic literature review. The multi-stages approach was adopted, starting with bibliometric analysis with descriptive statistical analysis of the population of papers studied, followed by a co-citation and network analysis, and finally a content analysis in order to identify trends and research gaps. The results show that the project management and knowledge management are related to issues involving the skills of project managers and of the organization, governance of knowledge between projects through the area of Project Management Office, and aspects related to factors critical to success and success itself of a project. As a trend, studies aimed at the formation of virtual teams formed by distributed organizations stand out, and as a gap, the importance of knowledge for projects involving sustainability issues, as few studies were identified about this subject. It was possible to notice that these constructs are essential to organizational performance, and that together they have a synergy that may contribute to enable companies to differentiate themselves from their competitors and achieve competitive advantage.

RESUMO Introdução: Diferenças de extroversão/introversão e idade podem influenciar na troca velocidade-precisão. Objetivo: A troca velocidade-precisão foi investigada em garotas, jovens adultas e idosas extrovertidas e introvertidas. Método: As participantes realizaram uma versão alternativa da tarefa de Fitts, a qual consistia em clicar alternadamente com a mão dominante no mouse, o mais rápido possível, em dois alvos retangulares na tela do computador, a fim de fazer doze tentativas em seis níveis aleatórios de dificuldade (doze combinações de larguras e distâncias entre os alvos). Cada um dos três grupos era composto por 16 introvertidas e 16 extrovertidas, com base nas versões brasileiras do questionário de Eysenck. Resultados: As idosas introvertidas acertaram menos o alvo com mais frequência e cometeram mais erros gerais em comparação às idosas extrovertidas. Ainda, as idosas acertaram menos o alvo com mais frequência e cometeram mais erros gerais, além de demorarem mais tempo para concluírem as tarefas com níveis maiores de dificuldade quando comparadas com as jovens adultas. Conclusão: Os achados foram interpretados com base nas teorias criadas para explicarem os principais processos sobre as diferenças relacionadas à extroversão/introversão e à idade. Nível de Evidência II; Estudo prospectivo de menor qualidade.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Extraversion/introversion and age differences might influence speed-accuracy tradeoff. Objective: The speed-accuracy tradeoff was investigated in extroverted and introverted female children, young adults and older adults. Method: Participants carried out an alternative version of Fitts’ task, which involved making alternate clicks with the mouse held in the dominant hand, moving as fast as possible, on two rectangular targets on a computer screen in order to make twelve attempts at six random levels of difficulty (twelve combinations of target widths and distances between targets). Each of the three groups was composed of 16 introverted and 16 extroverted subjects, based upon Brazilian versions of Eysenck’s questionnaire. Results: Elderly introverts fell short of the target more often and committed more overall errors than the elderly extroverts. Additionally, compared to their younger adult counterparts, the elderly subjects fell short of the target more often and committed more overall errors, besides taking longer to complete the task with higher levels of difficulty. Conclusion: The findings were interpreted in light of theories designed to explain the main processes underlying extroversion/introversion and age-related differences. Level of Evidence II; Lesser quality prospective study.

RESUMEN Introducción: Las diferencias de extroversión/introversión y edad pueden influir en el cambio velocidad-precisión. Objetivo: El cambio velocidad-precisión fue investigado en mujeres jóvenes adultas y de la tercera edad introvertidas y extrovertidas. Método: Las participantes realizaron una versión alternativa de la tarea de Fitts, que consistía en hacer clic alternadamente con el ratón, usando la mano dominante, lo más rápidamente posible, en dos objetos rectangulares en la pantalla de la computadora, a fin de realizar doce tentativas con seis niveles aleatorios de dificultad (doce combinaciones de anchos y distancias entre los objetos). Cada uno de los tres grupos fue compuesto por 16 introvertidas y 16 extrovertidas, con base en las versiones brasileñas del cuestionario de Eysenck. Resultados: Las mujeres de tercera edad introvertidas acertaron menos el objeto con más frecuencia y cometieron más errores generales en comparación a las mujeres de tercera edad extrovertidas. Además, las mujeres de tercera edad acertaron menos el objeto con más frecuencia y cometieron más errores generales, además de demorar más tiempo para concluir las tareas con niveles mayores de dificultad cuando comparadas con las mujeres jóvenes adultas. Conclusión: Los hallazgos fueron interpretados con base en las teorías creadas para explicar los principales procesos sobre las diferencias relacionadas a la extroversión/la introversión y a la edad. Nivel de Evidencia II; Estudio prospectivo de menor calidad.

ABSTRACT High winter cereal yields depend on an adequate supply of nitrogen (N). We developed a system for indicating N rates for wheat and barley in the South-Central region of the state of Paraná, Brazil, using results of 72 field experiments conducted from 2007 to 2012. The N rates recommended for winter cereals were estimated to supply the amounts of N fertilizer needed to obtain increasing yields (<3.5, 3.5-4.5, 4.5-5.5, and >5.5 Mg ha-1) of crops grown after soybean and corn on soils with a variable organic matter content (<40, 40-60, and >60 g dm-3). The apparent mineralization rate of soil N was estimated to be 1 % and the N fertilization efficiency 50 %. The N rates recommended for wheat ranged from 30 to 150 kg ha-1 when cultivated after soybean, and from 30 to 170 kg ha-1 after corn. The N rates for barley ranged from 30 to 120 kg ha-1 when grown after soybean, and from 30 to 130 kg ha-1 after corn. These N rates are consistent with those indicated by the Soil Fertility Commission for the states of Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina (CQFS-RS/SC, 2016), and also with the rates of maximum economic efficiency estimated in our study. The proposed N rate recommendation system can be used by agricultural technicians and producers to manage N fertilization of wheat and barley in the South-Central region of Paraná, Brazil.

RESUMO O sistema âncora é uma ferramenta não rígida que fornece informação háptica adicional, consistindo de dois cabos maleáveis com 125 g de massa repousando no solo, devendo-se segurar a outra extremidade com as mãos (âncora-mão). Considerando que o toque leve em diferentes partes do corpo reduz a oscilação corporal, é possível, da mesma forma, que o uso do sistema âncora em diferentes partes do corpo seja efetivo. Portanto, o objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o efeito do uso do sistema âncora em diferentes segmentos corporais sobre a oscilação corporal de idosos. Trinta idosos participaram do presente estudo. Eles ficaram na postura ereta com os pés na posição semi-tandem sobre uma plataforma de força para a obtenção do deslocamento do centro de pressão (CP). Cinco condições experimentais foram realizadas: sem âncora, âncora-mão, âncoras nas mãos presas com presilhas, âncoras nos antebraços presas com presilhas e âncoras nos ombros presas com presilhas. Os resultados mostraram uma redução da área da elipse ajustada ao deslocamento do CP e na amplitude média de oscilação na direção anteroposterior nas condições com as âncoras posicionadas nas mãos (âncora-mão e presilha) e antebraços em comparação à condição sem âncora. Assim, o uso do sistema âncora foi efetivo quando as âncoras foram posicionadas no antebraço da mesma forma que quando foram seguras pelas mãos. A melhora observada com o uso das âncoras parece não estar relacionada com a quantidade de receptores táteis no ponto de contato dos cabos das âncoras.

ABSTRACT The anchor system is a nonrigid tool that provides additional haptic information. It consists of two malleable cables with 125g loads resting on the floor, whereas the hands hold the other end of the cable (hand anchor). If we consider that light touch of different parts of the body reduces body sway, it is also possible that the use of the anchor system on different parts of the body might be effective. Therefore, this study aimed at investigating the effect of using the anchor system on different parts of the body on older adults’ body sway. Thirty older adults participated in this study. Participants stood on a force platform in a semi-tandem position and maintaining an upright posture for measuring deviations in the location of the center of pressure (CoP). Each participant was exposed to five experimental conditions: no anchor, hand anchor, anchors in hands fastened with straps, anchors in forearms fastened with straps and anchors in shoulders fastened with straps. The results showed a reduction in the area of the ellipse adjusted to the deviation of the CoP and mean sway amplitude in the anteroposterior direction with the anchors positioned on the hands (traditional and strap) and forearms, compared with the condition without the anchor. Thus, the use of the anchor system was effective when the anchors were positioned on the forearm as well as when they were fastened/held in hands. The improvement observed with the use of anchors does not seem to be related to the amount of tactile receptors at the point of contact with the anchor cables.

RESUMEN El sistema de anclaje es una herramienta no rígida que brinda información adicional háptica, formada por dos cables maleables con 125g de masa que reposan en el suelo y otra extremidad en que se sostiene en las manos (anclaje de mano). De la misma forma que un simple contacto en distintas partes del cuerpo reduce el equilibrio corporal, es posible que también tenga eficacia el empleo del sistema de anclaje. Así el propósito de este estudio es examinar el efecto del empleo del sistema de anclaje en distintos segmentos corporales sobre el equilibrio corporal en adultos mayores. Del estudio participaron treinta adultos mayores, quienes mantuvieron en postura erecta con los pies en posición semi-tandem sobre una plataforma de fuerza para que se obtenga el desplazamiento del centro de presión (CP). Se llevaron a cabo cinco situaciones experimentales: sin las anclas; anclaje de mano; anclas en las manos sujetadas con abrazaderas; anclas en los antebrazos sujetadas con abrazaderas y anclas en los hombros sujetadas con abrazaderas. Hubo una reducción del área de elipse ajustada al desplazamiento del CP y en la amplitud media del equilibrio en la dirección anteroposterior en las situaciones con las anclas sujetadas en las manos (tradicional y con abrazaderas) y con los antebrazos cuando comparada a la situación sin las anclas. Así se obtuvo eficacia en el empleo del sistema de anclaje cuando las anclas se las pusieron en los antebrazos, semejante al momento en el que se las fijaron/sujetaron en las manos. La mejora resultado del empleo de las anclas no parece relacionarse con la cuantidad de receptores táctiles en el punto de contacto de los cables de las anclas.

Resumo Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito de um programa de treinamento sobre o equilíbrio semiestático de idosos, comparando a forma de aplicação supervisionada em grupo e individual domiciliar. Método: Ensaio clínico cego randomizado controlado com múltiplos braços. Idosos randomizados em Grupo Supervisionado (GS; n=18); Grupo Domiciliar (GD; n=20) e Grupo Controle (GC; n=18). O GS e o GD participaram do treinamento por 10 semanas, duas vezes por semana. O equilíbrio foi avaliado pela posturografia [variáveis velocidade e amplitude média antero-posterior (AP) e médio-lateral (ML)] nas situações: plataforma fixa olhos abertos (PFOA), plataforma fixa olhos fechados (PFOF), tandem olhos abertos (Tandem OA), tandem olhos fechados (Tandem OF) e Unipodal. ANOVA two-way e post-hoc de Tukey foram utilizados nos dados paramétricos, teste de Friedman e post-hoc de Wilcoxon para análise intragrupos e teste de Kruskal-Wallis e post-hoc de Mann-Whitney para análise intergrupos. Resultados: Na análise intragrupo, o GD apresentou melhora na oscilação corporal pós-treinamento nas posições Tandem OF (velocidade e amplitude média AP) e Unipodal (amplitude média ML). O GS apresentou piora na posição Tandem OA em todas as variáveis. Na análise intergrupo, o GD apresentou melhora na posição PFOA (amplitude média ML), Tandem OF (velocidade média ML) e Unipodal (amplitude média AP e ML). Já o GS apresentou melhora na posição PFOA (amplitude média ML) e Unipodal (amplitude média AP), contudo apresentou piora na posição PFOA (variável velocidade média AP) e na Tandem OA (amplitude média AP). Conclusão: Os exercícios proporcionaram benefícios para o equilíbrio dos idosos investigados, embora o GD tenha apresentado os melhores resultados. REBEC: RBR-3S9M65.

Abstract Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of a balance training program on the semi-static balance of elderly persons by comparing a supervised group with individual home-based application. Method: A blinded randomized controlled multi-arm trial was conducted. The elderly individuals were randomized into: Supervised Group (SG; n=18); Domiciliary Group (DG; n=20) and Control Group (CG; n=18). The SG and DG participated in twice weekly training sessions for 10 weeks. A posturography evaluation was performed based on velocity, anterior-posterior (AP) and medial-lateral (ML) medial amplitude variables in firm surface with eyes open (FSEO) and closed (FSEC), tandem stance with eyes open (Tandem EO) and closed (Tandem EC), and single-leg stance (SL) situations. Two-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc were used for parametric data, the Friedman and Wilcoxon post-hoc tests were used for intragroup analysis and the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney post-hoc tests were used for intergroup analysis. Results: In intergroup analysis, the DG group showed improvement in body sway in the Tandem EC (velocity and medial amplitude AP) and single-leg stance (medial amplitude ML) situations. The SG showed a decline in the Tandem EO situation in all the variables. In intergroup analysis, the DG showed improvement in the FSEO position (medial amplitude ML), in the Tandem EC position (medial velocity ML), and the single-leg stance position (medial amplitude AP and ML). The SG showed improvement in the FSEO position (medial amplitude ML) and the single-leg stance position (medial amplitude AP), but showed a decline in the FSEO (variable medial velocity AP) and Tandem EO position (medial amplitude AP). Conclusion: The exercises were beneficial for the balance of the elderly individuals, with the DG presenting the best results. REBEC: RBR-3S9M65.

ABSTRACT Fertilization programs for annual crops in the state of Paraná, southern Brazil, are based on studies that focused on conventional tillage and were established more than 30 years ago. The primary purpose of this study was to assess potassium (K) fertilization on long-term (>30 years) no-tillage soybean, corn, wheat, and barley crops grown in rotation on Oxisols in the central-southern region of Paraná. A total of 47 experiments were carried out from 2008 to 2013, three of which addressed K calibration and the other 44, crop response to K fertilization. Critical K soil-test value and interpretation classes were established from the ratio between relative crop yield [RY = (yield without K/max yield) × 100] and soil K levels. Winter cereals were found to be more demanding of K than were soybean and corn; also, the former governed critical K soil-test value for crop rotation: 0.23 cmolc dm-3 in the 0.00-0.20 m soil layer. Recommended fertilization rates for soils in the low and medium soil K levels were established by using the build-up approach for soil correction; and those for the high and very high soil K levels were established by removing K at harvest and assessing economic return in crop response experiments. The K rates calculated for the high yield classes exceeded those currently recommended for use in Paraná.

ABSTRACT In no-tillage (NT) systems, there is no plowed layer since the soil is not tilled. Thus, the soil layer for fertility evaluation can be defined as the one in which the fertility indices are affected by the surface application of lime and fertilizers and soil properties have the closest relationship with crop yields. The objective of this study was to determine the most appropriate soil layer under long-term NT for sampling for fertility evaluation in the South-Central region of Paraná, Brazil. A total of 99 field experiments of crop rotations were performed, including soybean, corn, barley, wheat, and white oat, all on Oxisols (Hapludox). Despite the surface application, lime and fertilizers increased base saturation (V) and available K to a depth of 0.20 m. The relationship with crop yields was high for V and low for available K for both soil layers (0.00-0.10 and 0.00-0.20 m); for P, however, the relationships with soybean and corn yields were strongest in the 0.00-0.20 m layer. Thus, considering the soil layer fertilized by the surface application of lime and potassium fertilizers and the highest relationship of soil P contents with the yield of the main crops of the crop rotation, the 0.00-0.20 m layer is the most appropriate for soil fertility evaluation under long-term no-tillage systems.