Ti-34Nb-6Sn alloy were prepare by powder metallurgy milled in two different times (40 and 60 min) using Ti and Nb hydrides with or without Mg, as spacer then sintered at 700ºC and 800ºC. Characterizations were made by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and by Archimedes. Microhardness was measured by Vickers microhardness. Mesenchymal stem cells derived from equine bone marrow (BMMSCs) were used to evaluate the sample cytotoxicity. Hydration and dehydration process was confirmed, also the formation of brittle particles during the milling. Materials were structured under α and β phase, and the samples that received Mg as a spacer had slightly lower β phase content compared to samples without Mg, suggesting difficult α→β transformation due to the presence of barriers formed by pores. Mg provided greater porosity, and prepared milled in a shorter time promoted an increase in the macropores. Microhardness was similar to that of commercial materials (i.e., CP-Ti and also to other alloys with similar nominal composition. Cells treated with conditioned medium with the samples showed viability comparable to the control group, and after 48 h of culture on the samples, there was significant growth and more circular morphology, when adhered on materials that received Mg.

AISI 316L stainless steel samples nitrided at different conditions of temperature and time, showing different properties, such as nitrogen concentration (C N) and nitrided layer thickness, were studied. Expanded austenite (γN) diffraction peaks up to the (222) reflection were observed using suitable wavelength synchrotron radiation. XRD patterns were fitted by Le Bail method, using a special triclinic crystal structure (with a lattice distortion n) for γN, whose peaks were decomposed in a few subpeaks, to consider C N gradient across the nitrided layer. Our results indicate that regarding γN magnetic behavior, which was observed for the samples nitrided at 450 °C, it seems to be correlated not only to high C N (≥31at.%), but also to higher η (≥2.4°), which reaches up to 5.6°. This distortion h decreases when C N increases, consequently, with its minimum close to the surface. On the other hand, for paramagnetic samples (350 °C),η increases up to 1.4° when C N increases up to 30 at.%.

Hg based superconducting ceramics present the highest critical temperatures ever reported, particularly the phase 1223 with the highest Tc so far obtained -135 K. However, these compounds are obtained by a complex synthesis route and suffer degradation at ambient atmosphere. This disadvantage may be overcome by doping with an appropriate amount of Re. Samples of nominal composition Hg0.82Re0.18Ba2Ca2Cu3O8+δ having different oxygen contents were studied by X ray absorption and diffraction techniques. Using XANES we determined the Re valence = +7 in an octahedral distorted coordination. We determined the distances of Re-O bonds (1.85 Å and 2.10 Å) by EXAFS. XRD Rietveld fits showed segregation of two superconducting phases with distinct lattice parameters. The main phase is associated with Hg, Re-1223 with higher oxygen content, and the secondary superconducting phase is related to undoped Hg-1223.