ABSTRACT This study aimed to develop a mobile application (App) for the Latin American Group for the Development of the Elderly (GDLAM) protocol of functional autonomy in the Android environment and check its reproducibility. This study was divided into two stages: 1) creation and development of the GDLAM App, Android Studio software, and JAVA as a programming language; 2) evaluation of 63 volunteers for the GDLAM protocol using the traditional method and the App. The significance level was set at p<0.05. There were no statistical differences between the traditional GDLAM protocol and the App. However, the total time required to assess the GDLAM protocol using the App was significantly lower (p <0.001). In addition, the levels of agreement between assessments exhibited strong and very strong positive correlations with significance (p <0.001) for all variables. The study showed that the use of the GDLAM App is as efficient as the traditional functional autonomy protocol for the elderly, demonstrating that reproducibility is adequate, assessment time shorter, and results are obtained faster.

El propósito de este trabajo es analizar el comportamiento autonómico mediado por la respuesta barorreceptora a una maniobra ortostática (MO) en sujetos hipertensos y no hipertensos. La frecuencia cardiaca (FC) fue obtenida en 65 sujetos (32 hipertensos y 33 no hipertensos) usando un monitor polar de frecuencia cardíaca, antes y después de una MO (al ponerse de pie súbitamente). Los intervalos R-R fueron transformados en series temporales (ST) de frecuencia cardíaca. Se aplicó interpolación debido a una falta de periodicidad en la ST de FC. Un muestreo de 10 Hz fue realizado, adicionalmente un filtro pasa banda seguida de un sub muestreo a 1 Hz. Los resultados mostraron un incremento en la actividad simpática del grupo hipertenso, lo cual no ocurrió en el grupo no hipertenso luego de la MO (Δ%=59.84%, P<0.01). En cuanto a los resultados parasimpáticos se observaron disminuciones solamente en el grupo hipertenso y no en el grupo no hipertenso luego de la intervención ortostática (Δ%= -43.4%, P<0.001). Se observaron incrementos en ambos grupos para el balance simpático vagal (hipertensos: Δ%= 45.63%, p= 0.004; no hipertensos: Δ%= 67.08%, p= 0.013). Los resultados mostraron un incremento en la actividad simpática en contraste con una disminución de la respuesta parasimpática en individuos hipertensos luego de una MO.

The aim of this paper is to analyze the autonomic behavior mediated by the baroreceptor response to an orthostatic maneuver (OM) in hypertensive and non-hypertensive subjects. The heart rate (HR) was obtained in 65 subjects (32 hypertensive and 33 non-hypertensive) using a frequency meter polar watch, before and after an OM (sudden standing). The R-R intervals were transformed into a heart rate, temporal series, and interpolation was applied due to a lack of heart rate periodicity. Sampling at 10Hz was performed, and a band-pass filter was applied followed by 1 Hz subsampling. The results showed an increase in sympathetic activity in the hypertensive group that did not occur in the non-hypertensive group after the OM (∆%=59.84%, P<0.01). For the parasympathetic results, decreases were found only in the hypertensive group and not in the non-hypertensive group after the orthostatic intervention (∆%= -43.4%, P<0.001). Increases in both groups were observed for the sympathovagal balance (hypertensive: ∆%= 45.63%, p=0.004; non-hypertensive: ∆%= 67.08%, p=0.013). The results showed increased sympathetic activity in contrast to a decreased parasympathetic response for hypertensive individuals after an OM.

INTRODUÇÃO: A população de idosos tem elevado os índices de doenças crônicas como hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) com prevalência em mulheres. Intervenções não farmacológicas, como o exercício físico, são apontadas pela eficácia na diminuição da pressão arterial (PA). OBJETIVO: Verificar a resposta da pressão arterial de idosas hipertensas nos distintos momentos de um programa de exercício físico supervisionado (PEFS). MÉTODOS: Constituiu-se de um estudo descritivo de corte transversal realizado durante 18 semanas. Participaram 41 mulheres idosas com HAS, em tratamento farmacológico, distribuídas em grupo experimental (GE) (n = 26) que participou da intervenção, e grupo controle (GC) (n = 15), em dois momentos: pré e pós-PEFS. O IMC, a pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) e diastólica (PAD) foram avaliados no início e após 18 semanas de PEFS no GE e GC. A comparação intra e intergrupos foi feita com o teste t pareado e ANOVA two way com Kruskal Wallis, com nível de significância de p < 0,05. RESULTADOS: O GE (68,7 ± 8,4 anos, IMC = 27,23 ± 4,73) e o GC (67,3 ± 6,3 anos, IMC = 26,13 ± 4,36), com prevalência de sobrepeso em todos os grupos, sem diferença significativa pós-PEFS. Observou-se uma correlação entre o IMC e a PAS (r = 0,456; p = 0,01) e entre a PAS e a PAD (r = 0,380; p = 0,01). A semelhança inicial entre os grupos foi alterada pelo PEFS no GE, permanecendo no GC. A comparação intergrupos mostrou diferenças da PAS (p = 0,000) e da PAD (p = 0,005) pré e pós-PEFS e intragrupos, no GE com reduções da PAS (Δ = 9,61mmHg, p = 0,000) e da PAD (Δ = 1,54mmHg, p = 0,043) pós-PEFS, o que não ocorreu no GC. CONCLUSÃO: O programa de exercício físico supervisionado exerceu papel importante como modelo terapêutico não medicamentoso na resposta hipotensiva observada.

INTRODUCTION: The elderly population has increased the levels of chronic diseases such as hypertension (HBP) with prevalence in women. Non-pharmacological interventions, such as exercise, have been indicated by the effectiveness in lowering blood pressure (BP). OBJECTIVE: To analyze the blood pressure response in elderly hypertensive women in the different moments of a supervised physical exercise program (SPEP). METHODS: It consisted of a cross-sectional descriptive study carried out for 18 weeks. 41 elderly women with hypertension, under pharmacological treatment, distributed in the experimental group (EG) (n=26) which participated in the intervention, and control group (CG) (n=15) in two stages: before and after SPEP. BMI, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were evaluated at baseline and after 18 weeks of SPEP in the EG and CG. The intra and inter comparison was made with the paired t test and two-way ANOVA with Kruskal Wallis test, with a significance level of p <0.05. RESULTS: The EG (68.7 ± 8.4 years, BMI = 27.23 ± 4.73) and CG (67.3 ± 6.3 years, BMI = 26.13 ± 4.36), with a prevalence of overweight in all groups, without significant difference after SPEP. There was a correlation between BMI and SBP (r = 0.456, p = 0.01) and between SBP and DBP (r = 0.380, p = 0.01). The initial similarity between the groups was changed by SPEP in EG, remaining in the CG. Intergroup comparison showed differences in SBP (p = 0.000) and DBP (p = 0.005) before and after SPEP and intragroup, with reductions in SBP (Δ = 9.61 mmHg, p = 0.000) and DBP (Δ = 1.54 mmHg, p = 0.043) after SPEP, which did not occur in the CG. CONCLUSION: The supervised physical exercise program exerted an important model of non-drug treatment in the hypotensive response observed.

Levando em conta que os interesses evoluem ao longo das diferentes idades, e sua inquestionável influência sobre o nível de prática esportiva na idade adulta, decidimos realizar uma análise do que motiva os universitários à prática das atividades físico-esportivas, considerando diversos fatores como gênero, idade, nível de prática e gosto pelo esporte. Com este fim, desenvolvemos o Questionário dos Interesses nas Atividades Físico-Esportivas e as Motivações que levam à Prática das mesmas numa amostra de 1512 estudantes universitários. Assim, os praticantes de atividades físico-esportivas explicam a participação neste tipo de atividades, por motivos vinculados à manutenção da forma física e aos benefícios que o exercício físico traz à saúde; aqueles que nunca praticaram argumentam que a prática físico-esportiva tira tempo de estudo e demonstram na falta de interesse, e os alunos que manifestam ter praticado algum esporte anteriormente, mas que deixaram de praticá-lo, indicam a falta de tempo livre e o nível de exigência dos estudos como razões para explicar o seu comportamento físico-esportivo. Se trata de um estudo preliminar e futuramente o questinário deverá ser validado através de análise estatística.

Taking into account that the interests evolve along the different ages, and their unquestionable influence on the level of physical activity in adults, we have decided to carry out an analysis of the motivations of the university students toward the physical and sport activities, assisting to diverse factors like the gender, the age, the practice level and the pleasure for the sport. Therefore, we have developed the Questionnaire dealing with motivations and interests in sport and physical activities on a sample of 1512 university students. So, the practitioners of physical and sport activities will explain their participation in this activities, for reasons linked to keep fit and to the benefits of the exercise for the health; the non practitioners base their behavior in that the physical and sport practice removes time for the study and in the lack of interest, and the students to have practiced sport previously, but that they have stopped to practice it at the moment, they point out the lack of spare time and the level of requirement of their studies like reasons to explain their sport behavior. If it deals with a preliminary study and future the questinário will have to be validated through statistics analysis.