Abstract Aims: To investigate the factors associated with shoulder rotational range of motion and its correlation with the self-reported function scale and functional assessment of the shoulder (closed kinetic chain upper extremity stability, peak torque of shoulder rotators, glenohumeral internal rotation deficit - GIRD, and pectoralis minor length index) in competitive water polo players. Methods: Thirty-four competitive water polo players (age: 15 +/- 1.6 years) participated in this study. The shoulder rotational range of motion, closed kinetic chain upper extremity stability, pectoralis minor length index, isokinetic torque of shoulder internal and external rotations, and self-reported upper limb function were assessed. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to test the linear correlation before the multiple linear regressions, that were used to predict the variables associated with the external rotation and internal rotation range of motion ratio (ER/IR ratio) of the throwing limb. Results: A significant association was identified between the throwing limb ER/IR ratio and GIRD, and this observation allows us to infer that GIRD was responsible for 18.4% (p=0.01) of the variation. No associations between ER/IR ratio and the variables closed kinetic chain upper extremity stability, peak torque of shoulder internal rotation, and pectoralis minor length index were identified. Conclusion: Anatomical GIRD was the only factor associated with the ER/IR ratio in asymptomatic competitive water polo players from high school, indicating the beginning of the typical adaptations to increase performance without significantly altering the self-perception and functionality of their upper limbs.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto da lipoabdominoplastia na mobilidade diafragmática (MD) e na função pulmonar de mulheres saudáveis. Métodos: Estudo prospectivo de coorte com ultrassonografia de alta resolução e espirometria forçada para a avaliação da MD e da função pulmonar, respectivamente, antes da lipoabdominoplastia, no 10º dia do pós-operatório e no 30º dia do pós-operatório. A MD foi medida durante a respiração em volume corrente e durante uma manobra de CV. Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 20 mulheres, com média de idade de 39,85 ± 7,52 anos e média de índice de massa corporal de 26,21 ± 2,0 kg/m2. Ao compararmos os períodos pré e pós-operatório, observamos que a MD e a função pulmonar foram significativamente menores após a lipoabdominoplastia; a média de MD no 10º dia do pós-operatório foi 17% menor durante a respiração em volume corrente e 15% menor durante a manobra de CV do que a média pré-operatória (p = 0,009 e p < 0,001, respectivamente). Além disso, o VEF1, a CVF e o PFE foram significativamente menores no 10º dia do pós-operatório que no pré-operatório (p = 0,046, p = 0,002 e p < 0,001, respectivamente), retornando aos valores pré-operatórios até o 30º dia do pós-operatório. Conclusões: A lipoabdominoplastia parece ter repercussões negativas em curto prazo na MD e função pulmonar de mulheres saudáveis. No entanto, tanto a função pulmonar como a MD aparentemente retornam ao estado pré-operatório até o 30º dia do pós-operatório. (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02762526 [http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/])

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the impact of lipoabdominoplasty on diaphragmatic mobility (DM) and lung function in healthy women. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study using high-resolution ultrasound and forced spirometry to assess DM and lung function, respectively, prior to lipoabdominoplasty, as well as on postoperative day (POD) 10 and POD 30. DM was measured under two conditions: during tidal volume breathing and during a VC maneuver. Results: The sample consisted of 20 women, with a mean age of 39.85 ± 7.52 years and a mean body mass index of 26.21 ± 2.0 kg/m2. Comparing the preoperative and postoperative periods, we found that DM and lung function values were significantly lower after lipoabdominoplasty, the mean DM on POD 10 being 17% and 15% lower during tidal volume breathing and during the VC maneuver, respectively, in comparison with the preoperative mean (p = 0.009 and p < 0.001, respectively). In addition, FEV1, FVC, and PEF were significantly lower on POD 10 than in the preoperative period (p = 0.046, p = 0.002, and p < 0.001, respectively), returning to preoperative values by POD 30. Conclusions: Lipoabdominoplasty appears to have negative short-term repercussions for DM and lung function in healthy women. However, lung function and DM are both apparently restored to preoperative conditions by POD 30. (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02762526 [http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/])