Abstract The paper intends to analyze the reaction of Twitter users to declaratory titles with disinformation given by President Jair Bolsonaro, posted by major media outlets in their profiles on the social networking site. We tried to identify 1) how users react to messages and fonts and 2) how users react to the declarative format. For this purpose, we used Sentiment Analysis (SILVA, 2016) and Content Analysis (SAMPAIO; LYCARIÃO, 2021) techniques, applied on textual interactions to publications from the newspapers Folha de S.Paulo, O Globo and O Estado de S. Paulo on Twitter containing statements with disinformation. As a result, we found that: 1) users’ interaction with the publication is mostly negative, both in relation to Bolsonaro and to the content of the statement; 2) readers are constantly criticizing the format that evidences statements with disinformation; 3) the tension, on the part of the journalist, of what is said by the source expands the perception of credibility about the vehicle.

Resumo O artigo pretende analisar a reação dos usuários do Twitter perante títulos declaratórios com desinformação proferida pelo presidente Jair Bolsonaro, postados por veículos da grande mídia em seus perfis no site da rede social. Procuramos identificar: 1) como os usuários reagem às mensagens e às fontes e 2) como os usuários reagem ao formato declaratório. Para isso, utilizamos técnicas da Análise dos Sentimentos (SILVA, 2016) e da Análise de Conteúdo (SAMPAIO; LYCARIÃO, 2021), aplicadas sobre interações textuais em publicações dos jornais Folha de S.Paulo, O Globo e O Estado de S. Paulo no Twitter contendo declarações com desinformação. Como resultado temos: 1) a interação dos usuários com a publicação é majoritariamente negativa, tanto em relação a Bolsonaro quanto ao conteúdo da declaração; 2) é constante a crítica dos leitores ao formato utilizado, que evidencia as declarações com desinformação; e 3) o tensionamento, por parte do jornalista, do que é dito pela fonte amplia a percepção de credibilidade em relação ao veículo.

ABSTRACT The presence of desiccation cracks in the soil alters its hydromechanical behavior, increasing the soil's water infiltration capacity, mobilizing the potential for expansion. This may affect the performance of the structural elements of the construction. This study aimed to evaluate the mechanics of expansion, contraction and cracking of the expansive soil of Paulista - Pernambuco, Brazil, through field trials, subject to wetting cycles and drying. The studied soil is a sandy silty clay of high compressibility with medium to very high expansion potential. The process of formation and propagation of cracks was analyzed using digital images and the monitoring of samples subjected to drying and wetting cycles. The indices of crack geometry increased with the advancement of desiccation but did not stabilize. During the wetting period, they tend to close. The pattern of cracks in the tests varied according to the presence or absence of vegetation. It was concluded that the vegetation cover has a significant influence on the standardization and the crack formation and propagation process.

Resumo Introdução O controle da doença periodontal auxilia na prevenção e no controle do diabetes mellitus. A compreensão dessa relação pode desencadear mudanças nas políticas públicas de saúde. Objetivo O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a associação entre a doença periodontal, o controle glicêmico e o conhecimento dessa relação. Material e método Trata-se de um inquérito epidemiológico analítico transversal com 216 pacientes com diabetes mellitus tipo 2, não fumantes, que realizaram exames de sangue atuais com hemoglobina glicada (HbA1c). Resultado No geral, 93,51% dos pacientes relataram escovar os dentes pelo menos duas vezes ao dia, 62,5% visitaram o dentista no último ano, 81,58% já fizeram tratamento para doença periodontal, 43,52% relataram ter periodontite e 59,72% tinham diabetes controlado. Não foi encontrada associação significativa (p=0,603) entre o controle da HbA1c e a presença de periodontite. Entre os pacientes com periodontite, não foi encontrada associação entre o controle da HbA1c e informações sobre a doença periodontal (p=0,996), e conhecer/acreditar na sua relação com o diabetes (p=0,659; p=0,973). Conclusão Não foi encontrada relação entre a doença periodontal e diabetes na amostra, o que poderia ser justificado pelo atendimento por uma equipe multiprofissional de saúde no Sistema Único de Saúde Brasileiro.

Abstract Introduction Periodontitis control helps to prevent and control diabetes mellitus and understanding of this relationship can lead to changes in health policy. Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between periodontitis, knowledge, and glycemic control. Material and method This is a cross-sectional analytical epidemiological survey with 216 Type 2 diabetic patients, non-smokers, who had current blood screenings with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Result Overall, 93.51% of the patients reported brushing their teeth at least twice a day, 62.5% visited the dentist last year, 81.58% have already undergone treatment for periodontal disease, 43.52% reported having periodontitis and 59.72% had controlled diabetes. No significant (p=0.603) association between HbA1c control and the presence of periodontitis was found. Among the patients with periodontitis, no association between HbA1c control and information on the periodontal disease was found (p=0.996), and know/believe in its relationship with diabetes (p=0.659; p=0.973). Conclusion No relationship between periodontitis and diabetes was found in the sample, as well as in patients with periodontitis, those with knowledge on periodontal disease and knowledge/belief in its relationship with diabetes, which could be justified by the care by a multi-professional health team.

ABSTRACT Expansive clay soils are a problem for agriculture and engineering because they are susceptible to change in volume due to seasonal variation in water content and temperature. One of its morphological properties is slickensides, which result from the ability to contract and crack when dry and expand by wetting. The objective of this study was to evaluate the processes of expansion and formation and propagation of cracks due to the change in water content over time. The expansion process was evaluated through simple edometric tests with different external stress values applied to undisturbed soil samples. To evaluate the shrinking process, a device was developed to monitor the process of crack propagation. The mechanisms through which cracks begin and develop were studied using molded soil samples at the liquidity limit and at 1.25 times the liquidity limit with a drying and wetting cycle. Crack initiation conditions and development of geometric crack indices were measured with the water content and drying time. The soil presented medium to high expansion that depends on the overburden and suction applied, and the swelling stress was found to increase as suction increases. The changes in volume due to wetting and the propagation of cracks due to drying developed in three stages: initial, primary, and secondary. In the initial stage, few cracks or swelling occur with gradual variation in water content. As the water content approaches the limit of soil contraction (in the drying process) or the limit of soil saturation (in the wetting process), cracks and expansion developed slowly and approach a secondary stage. In the primary stage, cracks and expansion occurred rapidly with drying or wetting, respectively. Drying and wetting cycles showed similar crack patterns with the appearance of new micro-cracks during each new drying cycle.

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of hydrofluoric acid (HF) concentration, etching time, and application of phosphoric acid (PA) followed by neutralization with sodium bicarbonate on the bond strength between a feldspar ceramic and resin cement. Thus, 80 blocks (10 x 12 x 2 mm) of glass ceramic (VM - Vita Mark II - Vita Zahnfabrik) were made and randomly assigned to eight groups (n = 10) according to the factors: HF concentration (5 and 10%), etching time (60 and 120 s), and use of phosphoric acid (PA) (with and without). According to the experimental group, 37% PA (Condac, FGM) was applied after HF etching for 60s. Afterwards, samples were immersed in sodium bicarbonate for 1 min then in an ultrasonic bath in distilled water (5 min) for cleaning. After surface bonding treatment, cylinders (Ø = 2 mm; h = 2 mm) of dual resin cement (AllCem / FGM) were made in the center of each block. The samples were then stored in water (37ºC) for 90 days and submitted to the shear bond test (50 KgF, 1 mm/min). Failure analysis was performed by stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscopy. Data (MPa) were analyzed with 3-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test. Only the factor “HF concentration” was significant (p = 0.02). Most failures were of cohesive in ceramic (40%) and mixed types (42.5%). The 10% HF resulted in higher shear bond strength value than the 5% HF. Surface cleaning with phosphoric acid followed by sodium bicarbonate and HF time (60 or 120 seconds) did not influence the resin bond strength to feldspar ceramic.

Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the hydrofluoridric acid (HF) concentration and time of acid conditioning on bond strength of three glass ceramics to a resin cement. Thus, fifty blocks (10 mm x 5 mm x 2 mm) of each ceramic (LDCAD: IPS e.max CAD; LCAD: IPS Empress CAD and LDHP: IPS e.max Press) were made and embedded in acrylic resin. The surfaces were polished with sandpaper (#600, 800, 1000, and 1200 grits) and blocks were randomly divided into 15 groups (n = 10) according to the following factors: Concentration of HF (10% and 5%), conditioning time (20 s and 60 s) and ceramic (LDCAD, LDHP, and L). After conditioning, silane (Prosil / FGM) was applied and after 2 min, cylinders (Ø = 2 mm; h = 2 mm) of dual resin cement (AllCem / FGM) were made in the center of each block using a Teflon strip as matrix and light cured for 40 s (1,200 mW/cm2). Then, the samples were thermocycled (10,000 cycles, 5/55°C, 30s) and submitted to the shear bond test (50 KgF, 0.5 mm/min). The data (MPa) were analyzed with 3-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (5%). Failure analysis was performed using a stereomicroscope (20x) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). ANOVA revealed that the “concentration” factor (p = 0.01) and the interaction “acid concentration X ceramic” (p = 0.009) had a significant effect, however, the “ceramic” (p = 0.897) and “conditioning time” (p = 0.260) factors did not influence the results. The LDHP10%60s (10.98 MPa)aA* group presented significantly higher bond strength than LDHP10%20s (6.57 MPa)bA, LCAD5%20s (6,90 ±3,5)aB and LDHP5%60s (5.66 ± 2,9MPa)aA* groups (Tukey). Failure analysis revealed that 100% of specimens had mixed failure. In conclusion, etching with 5% HF for 20 seconds is recommended for lithium disilicate and leucite-reinforced CAD/CAM ceramics. However, for pressed lithium disilicate ceramic, 10% HF for 60 s showed significantly higher bond strength to resin cement.

RESUMO No segundo capítulo de "Word and Object", Quine procura mostrar o quanto da linguagem pode ser esclarecida em termos estimulantes, bem como a limitação da tradução a partir de diferentes esquemas conceituais. O autor apresenta a tese de indeterminação da tradução por meio de uma situação de tradução radical. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar de que modo Quine desenvolve a tradução radical e destacar os conceitos de informações colaterais, significado estimulativo e esquema conceitual. Em seguida, procuraremos mostrar que a teoria do significado de Jakob Von Uexküll é um caso exemplar da tese de indeterminação da tradução: os processos de significação entre diferentes organismos vivos correspondem a um processo de tradução radical que se depara com dificuldades semelhantes àquelas que levam à indeterminação da tradução segundo Quine.

ABSTRACT In the second chapter of "Word and Object", Quine seeks to show how much of language can be elucidated in stimulatory terms as well as the limitation of translating from different conceptual schemas. He introduces the thesis of indeterminacy of translation by means of a radical translation situation. This paper aims to present the way in which Quine develops the radical translation and to point out the concepts of collateral information, stimulus meaning and conceptual schema. Following that, we will seek to show that Jakob von Uexküll's theory of meaning is an exemplary case of the thesis of indeterminacy of translation: the processes of meaning by different living organisms correspond to a radical translation process that faces the difficulties similar to those that lead to the indeterminacy of the translation, according to Quine.

Resumo Este estudo avaliou a efetividade de um adesivo “multi-mode” (Single Bond Universal/3M) como um substituto para a silicatização e aplicação do silano na resistência de união das cerâmicas de zircônia e um cimento resinoso. Para isso, 120 blocos cerâmicos sinterizados de zircônia nas dimensões de (5 x 5 x 5 mm) foram obtidos, lixados com lixas de granulação decrescente (#600, #800, #1000 e #1200) e divididos aleatoriamente em 12 grupos (n = 10), de acordo com os fatores “tratamento de superfície” (ScSi - silicatização + silanização; ScSBU - silicatização + Single Bond; SBU - SBU sem fotoativação e SBUp - SBU com fotoativação) e “cerâmica” (Lava/3M ESPE, Ceramill Zircônia/ Amann Girrbach e Zirkonzahn/Zirkonzahn). Posteriormente, cilindros de cimento resinoso dual (RelyX Ultimate/3M ESPE) foram confeccionados no centro de cada bloco com auxílio de uma matriz de silicone (Ø=2 mm; h=5 mm) e fotopolimerizados por 40 s (1200 mW/ cm²). Em seguida, as amostras foram armazenadas durante trinta dias em água destilada (37 °C) e submetidas ao ensaio de resistência de união ao cisalhamento (1 mm/min, 100 kgF). Os dados (MPa) foram analisados sob ANOVA (2 fatores) e teste de Tukey (5%). Análises complementares também foram realizadas. ANOVA revelou que apenas o fator “tratamento de superfície” foi significativo (p=0,0001). O tratamento ScSi (14.28A) promoveu valores de adesão estatisticamente superiores aos demais ScSBU (9.03B), SBU (8.47B) e SBUp (7.82B), os quais foram semelhantes entre si (Tukey). A Análise de falhas revelou que 100% da falhas que ocorreram foram mistas. A silicatização seguida da silanização promoveu a melhor resistência de união entre cimento resinoso e a cerâmica, independentemente do tipo da cerâmica ou do SBU.

Abstract This study evaluated the effectiveness of a multi-mode adhesive (SBU-Scotch Bond Universal/3M) as a substitute for silica coating and silane application on the bonding of zirconia ceramics to resin cement. One-hundred and twenty sintered zirconia ceramic blocks (5 x 5 x 5 mm) were obtained, finished by grounding with silicon carbide paper (#600, #800, #1000 and #1200) and randomly divided into 12 groups (n=10) in accordance with the factors “surface treatment” (ScSi - silicatization + silanization; ScSBU - silicatization + SBU; SBU - SBU without photoactivation and SBUp - SBU photoactivated) and “ceramic” (Lava / 3M ESPE, Ceramill Zirconia / Amann Girrbach and Zirkonzahn / Zirkonzahn). Dual resin cement cylinders (RelyX Ultimate/3M ESPE) were subsequently produced in the center of each block using a silicon matrix (Ø=2 mm, h=5 mm) and photoactivated for 40 s (1200 mW/cm2). The samples were stored for 30 days in distilled water (37ºC) and submitted to shear bond strength test (1 mm/min, 100 KgF). Data (MPa) were analyzed under ANOVA (2 levels) and Tukey test (5%). Complementary analyzes were also performed. ANOVA revealed that only the factor “surface treatment” was significant (p=0.0001). The ScSi treatment (14.28A) promoted statistically higher bond strength values than the other ScSBU (9.03B), SBU (8.47B) and SBUp (7.82B), which were similar to each other (Tukey). Failure analysis revealed that 100% of the failures were mixed. The silica coating followed by the silanization promoted higher bond strength values of resin cement and ceramic, regardless of the zirconia ceramic or SBU.

Neste trabalho foram preparados filmes de nanocompósitos de polipropileno (PP) contendo 1% em massa de bentonita modificada organicamente com tecnologia nacional (APO). Polipropileno enxertado com anidrido maleico (PP-g-AM) e copolímero de etileno e álcool vinílico (EVOH) foram utilizados como agentes compatibilizantes. Os nanocompósitos foram preparados através da intercalação no estado fundido em extrusora de filme plano. A influência do tipo e do teor de compatibilizante e do tipo de polipropileno, na morfologia, propriedades mecânicas e de barreira ao vapor d'água dos referidos filmes foi investigada. Os dados de difração de raio X evidenciam que apesar da morfologia dos nanocompósitos ter sido afetada pelo tipo de compatibilizante, esta praticamente não variou com o teor de compatibilizante utilizado. As morfologias e as propriedades de barreira ao vapor d'água dos nanocompósitos preparados com os polipropilenos PP H401 e PP H07D-00 são semelhantes. Entretanto, aqueles preparados com PP H07D-00 apresentaram melhores propriedades mecânicas, excetuando a resistência da termossoldagem à tração, do que os preparados com a matriz polimérica PP H401, e a transparência dos nanocompósitos preparados com PP H07D-00 foi idêntica à da matriz polimérica sem argila. Os resultados indicam que os filmes de nanocompósitos PP H07D-00 compatibilizados com 15% de PP-g-AM e contendo 1% de argila organofílica APO podem ser promissores para aplicação em embalagens.

This work deals with polypropylene (PP) nanocomposite films containing 1 wt. (%) bentonite clay organically modified with national technology (APO). Maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (PP-g-MA) and ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) were used as compatibilizing agents. Nanocomposites were prepared by melt intercalation in a flat film extruder. An investigation was made of the influence from the type and content of compatibilizer and type of polypropylene on the morphology, mechanical properties and barrier properties to water vapor of these films. X-ray diffraction data show that while the nanocomposite morphology was affected by the type of compatibilizer, it was relatively insensitive to its content. The morphologies and barrier properties to water vapor of the nanocomposites prepared with the two polypropylenes (PP H401 and PP H07D-00) were similar. However, except for the heat sealing properties, those prepared with PP H07D-00 showed better mechanical properties. The transparency of P715AMAPO nanocomposite was similar to that of the P715AM matrix. The results indicated that PP H07D-00 nanocomposite films compatibilized with 15% PP-g-AM and containing 1% APO organoclay may be promising for packaging applications.

A partir do texto do físico alemão E.Schroedinger, O que é vida? (1943), analisam-se os possíveis limites de demarcação conceitual entre física e biologia. Há um limite possível entre física e biologia? Ou a biologia pode ser reduzida à física? Avaliam-se diferentes pontos de vista entre cientistas e filósofos.

From the German physicist Erwin Schrödinger's text, What is life (1943), the possible limits of conceptual division between physics and biology are analyzed. Is there a limit between physics and biology? Or can biology be reduced to physics? Different views will be analyzed among scientists and philosophers.