Abstract Introduction: some factors have been shown to be associated with survival in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Recently, some studies suggested that malnutrition, muscle mass, and inflammation might have an effect on survival in patients with pancreatic malignancy. Objectives: to investigate the association between psoas muscle mass, inflammation, nutritional status at the time of diagnosis, and survival in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Methods: this retrospective study included 219 patients diagnosed with pancreatic carcinoma. The nutritional status, inflammation, and psoas muscle mass of the patients at the time of diagnosis were evaluated. Nutritional status was assessed using the Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI). Leucocyte count and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were used for inflammation assessment. Psoas muscle mass was calculated by using abdominal computed tomography images of the patients. Results: the mean age of patients (80 female and 139 male) was 66.6 ± 11.7 years. According to the PNI results, 155 patients had a normal nutritional status (70 %), whereas 64 patients were malnourished (30 %). The survival of the patients with normal nutritional status was significantly longer than that of those who were malnourished (p < 0.001). There was no significant relationship between psoas muscle area, leucocyte count, NLR, and survival time. Conclusion: the survival of pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients with malnutrition at the time of diagnosis was significantly shorter than for patients without malnutrition.

Resumen Introducción: se ha demostrado que algunos factores se asocian a la supervivencia en los pacientes con adenocarcinoma de páncreas. Recientemente, algunos estudios sugirieron que la desnutrición, la masa muscular y la inflamación podrían afectar a la supervivencia de los pacientes con neoplasias malignas pancreáticas. Objetivo: investigar la asociación entre masa muscular del psoas, inflamación, estado nutricional en el momento del diagnóstico y supervivencia en pacientes con adenocarcinoma de páncreas. Métodos: este estudio retrospectivo incluyó a 219 pacientes diagnosticados de carcinoma de páncreas. Se evaluaron el estado nutricional, la inflamación y la masa del músculo psoas de los pacientes en el momento del diagnóstico. El estado nutricional de los pacientes se evaluó con el Índice Nutricional Pronóstico (PNI). El recuento de leucocitos y el cociente de neutrófilos/linfocitos (NLR) se emplearon para la evaluación de la inflamación. La masa del músculo psoas se calculó utilizando las imágenes de tomografía computarizada abdominal de los pacientes. Resultados: la edad media de los pacientes (80 mujeres y 139 hombres) fue de 66,6 ± 11,7 años. Según los resultados del PNI, 155 pacientes tenían un estado nutricional normal (70 %) mientras que 64 pacientes estaban desnutridos (30 %). La supervivencia de los pacientes con estado nutricional normal fue significativamente mayor que la de los pacientes desnutridos (p < 0,001). No hubo ninguna relación significativa entre el área del músculo psoas, el recuento de leucocitos, el NLR y el tiempo de supervivencia. Conclusión: la supervivencia de los pacientes con adenocarcinoma de páncreas con desnutrición en el momento del diagnóstico fue significativamente menor que la de los pacientes sin desnutrición.

RESUMO OBJETIVO O objetivo deste estudo é analisar o significado prognóstico dos antígenos do grupo sanguíneo ABO e Rh, juntamente com vários parâmetros em pacientes acompanhados com o diagnóstico de COVID-19. MÉTODOS Foram avaliados 397 pacientes que foram acompanhados e tratados devido à infecção por COVID-19. Foram analisadas as idades, gêneros, doenças crônicas, antígenos do grupo sanguíneo ABO e Rh, taxas de internação em unidades de terapia intensiva (UTI) e taxas de mortalidade dos pacientes. A idade média de 397 pacientes com COVID foi de 47 ± 17 anos. Na análise do grupo sanguíneo dos pacientes, A Rh positivo (A +) foi o tipo sanguíneo mais frequentemente observado (176 dos pacientes, 44,3%), seguido pelo O Rh positivo (0 +) (109 dos pacientes, 27,5%) 38 dos pacientes eram Rh negativos (Rh -) (9,6%). 53 dos pacientes (13,4%) foram acompanhados em UTI e 29 faleceram (7,3%). Não houve mortalidade nem admissão na UTI para o grupo Rh. A comparação dos grupos Rh quanto à necessidade de admissão na UTI revelou uma taxa significativamente alta de admissão na UTI no grupo Rh + (p = 0,011), enquanto não foi encontrada relação significativa entre mortalidade e antígeno Rh (p = 0,069). CONCLUSÃO O tipo sanguíneo mais frequentemente observado foi o A + entre os pacientes com COVID-19. O grupo sanguíneo Rh + foi encontrado em todos os casos admitidos na UTI e com evolução mortal. O grupo sanguíneo Rh + foi encontrado em um número significativamente alto de pacientes internados na UTI, enquanto nenhuma relação significativa foi encontrada entre a mortalidade e o grupo sanguíneo Rh.

SUMMARY AIM The aim of this study is to analyze the prognostic significance of ABO and Rh blood group antigens along with various parameters in patients followed-up with the diagnosis of COVID-19. METHODS We evaluated 397 patients who were follow-up and treated due to COVID-19 infections. The ages, genders, chronic diseases, ABO and Rh blood group antigens, admission rates to Intensive Care Units (ICU), and mortality rates of the patients were analyzed. FINDINGS The mean age of the 397 patients with COVID-19 was 47±17 years. In the blood group analysis of the patients, A Rh-positive (A +) was the most frequently seen blood type (176 patients, 44.3%) followed by O Rh-positive (0 +) (109 patients, 27,5%); 38 patients were Rh negative (Rh -) (9,6%). 53 of the patients (13,4%) were followed in ICU and 29 patients died (7,3%). Neither mortality nor admission to ICU was seen for Rh – group. The comparison of Rh groups concerning the need for ICU admission revealed a significantly high rate of ICU admission in the Rh + group (p=0,011), while no significant relationship was found between mortality and Rh antigen (p=0,069). CONCLUSION The most frequently seen blood type among COVID-19 patients was A +. The Rh + blood group was found in all cases who were admitted to ICU and had a death outcome. The Rh + blood group was found in a significantly high number of patients who were admitted to ICU, while no significant relationship was found between mortality and Rh blood group.